Orchard-heater.



E. W. DUNN.

ORCHARD HEATER. APPLIQATION FILED 1,110.17, 1912.

1.063,422. Patented June 3, 1913.

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Specification of Letters tatent.

]PatentedJ une 3, lull-3..

application nea December 17, 1912. serial Nc. 737,229.

i T all whom; t .may .concern a citizen of the United States, residing at Oak-land, inthe county of Alameda and State of California, have invented new and f useful Improvements in Grchard-Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention! relates to orchard heaters and particularly to an orchard heater forf use in generating and burning gases from` liquidl fuels of different qualities and natures.

present invention to evolve, design and provide 4an orchard heater particularly adaptable for the efficientcombustion of liquidI i priate cover 4, preferably tapering so that I have found by practical experience that, owing to the great ldiversity of commercial 1 liquid fuels, it is very desirable to design an fuels commercially common.

orchard heater involving details of construction particularly with the function and object in view of most effect-ually generating4 heater havin-g a vent or discharge aperture for the gases generated in the container, the

size of the aperture being proportion-.ate to the specific gravity and volatility of the oil.

A fur-ther feature of the invention is `the provision of means whereby the rapidity of combustion of the liquid fuel can be readily controlled, and whereby the quantity vof air may be varied in accordance with the variations in the different oils.

The invention `consists vof an orchard heater with means for admitting a quan.- tity of' air into the generating chamber of the heater as the oil recedes, and which has means whereby gases generated can be immediately mixed with an additional quantity of air or oxygen to produce perfect 'combustion.

' It also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in whichv Figure '1 is a central vertical section through the heater. of the same, showing the air regulator opened. Fig. 3 ashows a cover by which the stack of 4the heater may be covered to 'keep Fig. 2 is a plan view' v A which may be used on the heater when the Be it known that I, EMANUEL W. DUNN,1

stack is removed. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one Vof the interchangeable vent container 2, of suitable material, proportions and design, preferably being stamped or drawn from an integral piece of metal, the sides flaring so'that a number ofthe containers may be closely nested for the cont servation of space in storage or transit. There are many qualities of liquld fuelsl on the market and itis the object of the;

The wall of the container is ribbed, beaded or appropriately reinforced, as at 3, for the purpose of stiffer-ling and strengthening. Over the'contain-er 2 there is adapted to snugly circumferent-ially fitted an appromany covers may be nested and for the purpose of acting as a water shed, the cover having an annular, downturned flange 5 .closely engageable with the rim of the container 2 to make a tight joint therewith.

The upper portion of the cover 4 is provided with a coll-ar or ring 6 which may be appropriately formed upon, or secured to, the cover and projects suiiiciently above the same to form means for receiving and steadying a stack 7. The cover 4 is preferably provided with an aperture 8, the area of which is determined by the quality, nature or specific gravity of the liquid oil to be consumed in the heater; the area of the aperture 8 being less than the area of the adjacent portion of the stack which is superposed on the cover 4 and which is provided with la series of air inlet openings 9 of suit-- able size and location.

While it is possible to provide covers 4 interchangeable on the container 2, each of the covers being provided with an aperture or vent 8 of a diffe-rent size, so that the one container can be used for the purposeof redueing to gas and combusting the different grades of oils, I here show disks er removable parts l0, each with an opening 8 of diifereut area, which parts are adapted to be positioned upon thecollar 6 of the cover 4 for the efficient combustion of the particular oil to lbe consumed. The changeable vent members 10 are provided with flanges 11, designed to snugly fit the collar 6 of the cover 4; the lower part of the stack 7 being formed to embrace the flange l1 of a vent piece-10 when this is adjusted on the cover 4. Having provided acontainer espesially designed for the eiiicient combustion of dif- I ferentgrades of oil, I further. rovide means for the accuratcontrol of t. e rapidity vof combustion ofthe gases generated in the l plurality of the tubes may be compactly container. j This means consists in the presnested.l rlhe tubes. or air-feedingconductors 12 are insertible through an aperture .13 'formed 'in the cover 4; the rim of the aperture preferably being flanged or turned upwardly, as at 14, for thefpurpose of throwing olf moisture which may accumulate on the inclined cover 4 and also for the purpose offorming a shoulder with which may'snugly engage a down-turned collar or bead 15, formed at the larger end of the air soA feeder 12. Preferably the length of the 4feeder 12 is less than the distance from the cover to the bottom of the container so that it will not become embedded in the residue of the consumed oil.

The air feeder 12 is provided with a plurality of appropriately sized and located apertures 16 through which air entering the feeder at the top will pass outwardly over the oil in the container; the tube projecting downwardlyl toward the bottom of the .container to insure the conveyance of a quantity of air to the level of the liquid as this approaches the bottom of. the container. The volume of air admitted to the conductor or feeder 12 is nicely controlled for the regulating of the volume of gas generated in the container by means of a throttle or gate 17, here shown as a concavo-convex plate or disk, pivoted lat 18 on the cover 4, and having a hook or ring 19 'at one side into which may be inserted a wire orother device whereby the gate can. be swung over the inlet opening ofthe feeder 12 while the heater is in use.

In operation, the' container is charged with a quantity of oil, the quality or specilic gravity of which is known to `the orchardist, and he applies to the container a cover 4 having a gas vent 8, of the desired proportions, to correspond with the oil to be consumed. In the event that the oil is .of N

tainer ,for aliquid fuel, a cover for the con- Ytainer` frmingjasubstantially closed genhigh quality and is quickly volatilized, the cover 4 is used with a vent smallerl than with a lower grade oil, so that the rapidity 'perfect combustion.

.fore, further aid in their combustion.` The contact with additional air or oxygen in the stack adjacent to the opening to provide Suspended within the stack 7, above the vent 8 of the cover 4, is a plate, disk or other appropriate device 20, the function of `which is to radiate heat during the operation of the heater which will materially aid in heating the gases in the stack and, therestack is here shown as being perforated' 75 around its upper portion with a series of apertures 21 or the admission of air to fully complete combustion ofthe gases gen.- ated and burning in the stack.V

- I show in Fig. 3 a cover 22 of tapering form and of sufficient length to entirely cover the stack 7 of the' heater, when adjusted thereover, for the prevention of the entrance of moisture into the container when the heater is not in use.

In Fig. 4 a smaller cover 23 is shown which may be applied over the aperture of the cover 4 after the stack 7 has been removed; the cover 23 being of less depth and consequently .somewhat cheaper than the larger cover 22.

`I find by placingasinall layer of sand or other suitable material on the bottom of the container that the residue will notvcling so l much to the bottom and that it can be very easily dislodged by invertingfand jarring the container.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1,. an orchard heater comprising a conloo : tainer for a liquid fuel, means for conveying .air downwardly into said container as the surface of the oil recedes, a perforated coinbustion stack projecting upwardly from the t perfect combustion.

2. An orchard heater comprising a coneratin'g chamber, a'means for admitting air into the chamber over the surface of the'liquid therein, said cover having. an opening for the outlet of ases 'generated in the chamber, the size of the opening being de-l termined by the quality of the liquid fuel, and a stack on lthe cover, the transverse area of which exceeds the area of the opening in the cover, said stack having apertures for the admission of air with which the gases from the opening are immediately intimately commingled for perfect combustion in the stack.

3.An orchard heater comprising a substantially closed gas generator 'containing a liquid fuel, having a gasvent, the area Aof which is in Vproportion to the specific gas issues and is immediately mixed with a quantity of air sucient tol produce a perfect combustion.

v4."A,n orchard heater having a-container for afliquid fuel, a cover for the container forming therein a chamber for the generation of a combustiblegas from the liquid, a stack projecting upwardly from the cover and having perforations for the admission of air to its interior, and means for admitting .air into the generating chamber, said cover having an opening of less area than the .transverse area of the stack through which the generated gases pass into the stack wherein they are mixed with oxygen and perfectly combusted.-

5. An orchard heater comprising a container for a liquid fuel, airemovable cover having a snug rim lit with the container and having interchangeable vent plates each with an opening of a size diferent from the others, a perforated stack adjustable on the cover into which gases from the container will enter through the opening in the plate .on the cover, a removable device adjustable on the cover for conveying air into the container, and cover parts` for saiddevice and for the stack.

6. An orchard heater comprising a container for'a liquid fuel, means for conveying air downwardly into the1 containerv as'the surface of the oil recedes, aperforated com bustion stack projecting upwardly from the Container, and a cover overv the container and having interchangeable parts each withv an -opening of smaller area than the transverse area of the stack, thereby enabling the gases generated in the container, when pass ing through the top ofthe container, to become immediately 1n contact with additional air or oxygennecessary to provide perfect combustion. 4

7 An orchard-heater comprising a covered container for a liquid fuel, means for conveying a variable quantity of air into said container, a perforated combustiim` stack projecting upwardly from the con* tainer, interchangeablev vent plates for the cover of the container each, having an opening smaller than the transverse area othe stack, thereby enablingv the gases generated in the container when passing through the top of the container to become immediately in contactswith additional air or oxygen necessary to provide perfect combustion,

and a heat radiator in the stack above the.

opening for absorbing and radiating heat. In testimony whereof` I-have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscrib- 

